melon fly hosts

... (melon fly hosts). They are major pests of beans, bitter melon, wax gourd, cucumbers, edible gourds, eggplant, green beans, hyotan, luffa, melons, peppers, pumpkins, squashes, togan, tomatoes, watermelon, and zucchini. There were high density areas, called "hot spots" 1> in some parts of the Shimoji area which is a vegetable (including hosts of the melon fly)-producing area on the island. h�b```�Iv!ʰ !G�"��1 In Kenya, it is found in areas where cucurbitaceous crops are grown. This pest can be controlled using a number of methods. The cycle is continuous. Use plant protection products safely. %PDF-1.5 %�� The female lays eggs under the skin of the fruit of the host plant. These include the following; Watermelon; Cucumbers It is mainly polyphagous, but oligopha-gous populations have been found in Thailand, Malaysia and France (Reunion Island, Indian Ocean) [25–28]. Previous confusion in botanical and entomological literature concerning the names of certain wild hosts of the melon fly, Dacus cucurbitae Coquillett, in Hawaii is discussed, and names currently accepted as correct are provided. Bactrocera cucurbitae infestation was documented in 24 plant taxa of four plant families (Caricaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Moraceae, and Solanaceae), with the following four new hosts identified: Ficus erecta Thunb., F. pumila L. (Moraceae), Solanum erianthum D. Don (Solanaceae), and Zehneria liukiuensis Jeffrey ex Walker (Cucurbitaceae). ֘ The melon fly, by contrast, has a narrower host range that may lead to periods that hosts may be unavailable. Out of the total number of host plant taxa covered by the 11 tephritid fruit fly species, 56% of the plant taxa are hosts of oriental fruit fly, 42% are hosts of Mediterranean fruit fly and 16% are hosts of melon fly… This is a sticker, spreader and a penetrant and helps in improving the efficacy of the product. H��W[o�J~��0� 9kv�,U��i{�H=�ߪ>�H|`IN��Lc �ENp��.?�&ߦk>,?��w�~-W��r�tȖ?��LM^��п�e�&�?~��Wp�:? Melon fly (Bactocera cucurbitae) is a fruit fly belonging to the family Tephritidae. Newly recognized hosts of the oriental fruit fly, melon fly, and Mediterranean fruit fly. However, under cold conditions, a single cycle takes a longer period. Melon Fly Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) Melon fly is the most destructive pest of melons and squashes in the Indo-Malayan region where it originated. An expert is needed to identify melon fly under a microscope so please report any suspect exotic fruit fly species. [^K� A combination of b oth visual and olfactory stimuli was needed to elicit high levels of response compared to each stimulus offered alone. We discuss our results in relation to the potential implementation of improved female monitoring and/or attract-and-kill strategies for melon ﬂies in Hawaii. Bactrocera cucurbitae infests fruits and vegetables of a number of different plant species, with many host plants in the plant family Cucurbitaceae, but with additional hosts … Melon flies are strong fliers and remain active all year round on the host. After sometimes, adults emerge from the pupae and find their way out of the soil. Bactrocera cucurbitae infests fruits and vegetables of a number of different plant species, with many host plants in the plant family Cucurbitaceae, but with additional hosts scattered across many other plant families. Populations reached a peak in the dry season, between July and September. These include the following; This insect pest is distributed all over the world, in temperate, tropical and subtropical regions. The correct name for both wild and cultivated forms of … Pest Hotline: 1-800-491-1899. Its abundance increases when the temperature fall below 32 degrees centigrade and the relative humidity ranges between 60-70%. As the name implies, it oviposits mainly in fruits of the Cucurbitaceae (White and Elson-Harris, 1992). Other methods which can be used to manage this pest include; [ Placeholder content for popup link ] The Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly) moved away from most of the lowlands when the oriental fruit fly arrived in 1945. Application of bait spray to crop borders is a standard approach for suppression of melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae) populations and may also be of value for suppression of oriental fruit fly, B. dorsalis (Hendel) populations. The melon ﬂ y, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is a widespread, economically important tephritid fruit ﬂ y species. Host & Distribution. The adult melon fly is approximately the size of a house fly, about 6 to 8 mm long.Worldwide, over 80 different kinds of fruits and vegetables are recorded as hosts. The melon fly is considered an important agri-cultural pest affecting a variety of cultivated fruit and vegetable plants. Always read the label and product information before use. That’s the only way we can improve. Preferred hosts include cantaloupe, cowpea, cucumber, gourd, pumpkin, squash, string bean, tomato and watermelon. Destroying the infested fruit (if it can’t be marketed) and disposing all the crop residues immediately after harvesting. The larval stage is the most destructive to the crop. As part of an effort to develop a worldwide database on the status of fruits as hosts of melon fly, the infestation data gathered from host fruits collected in this eradication program, before the initiation of suppression activities, are summarized here. WordPress Download Manager - Best Download Management Plugin. Oriental fruit fly, Dacus dorsalis Hendel, and melon fly, Dacus cucurbiatae Coquillett, population dynamics from 1987 to 1989 were determined from fruit collections and male trap captures in an agricultural area. 752 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<34B7D0533C7A204685FE8711643D0796>]/Index[740 28]/Info 739 0 R/Length 69/Prev 192713/Root 741 0 R/Size 768/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream 7.3.11 Melon fly: Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) The melon fly is found in many parts of the Old World and has become established in Hawaii. Preferred hosts include: cantaloupe, cowpea, cucumber, gourd, pumpkin, squash, string bean, tomato and watermelon. Melon flies have a wide range of hosts in the Cucurbitaceae family. Unless proven otherwise, all cultivars, varieties, and hybrids of the plant species listed herein are considered suitable hosts of C. capitata. the sterile and wild melon flies using monitoring traps baited with toxic cue-lure on Miyake Islands in August 1985. hosts representing 63 plant families), and melon fly (136 hosts representing 30 plant families). While there, these maggots feed inside the fruit. Eggs can also be laid into flowers, stems as well as exposed roots. ��A4��ң��3oAlW�`�w�p��A��ðu�@O��ĽXU��{0� 0e �? Pay attention to the risk indications and follow the safety precautions on the label. Introduction. In the event of a Toxic or Transport Emergency, call our 24hr toll free number 0800720021 or 0800730030. %%EOF endstream endobj startxref The melon fly is commonly found in low areas in commercial and backyard vegetable gardens. Damage to so many of our important crops would raise our produce prices. MELON FLY Identifiable Traits: Black spot at wing tips Black streak on wings Common at sea level to 1500-foot elevations Hosts Cucumber Gourds Guava Eggplant Melon Papaya Pepper Pumpkin Squash Tomato Melon Fly Behavior Melon fly adults spend considerable time on favored wild hosts and certain crop plants in and outside of crop fields. .``H��ʸ�v� i.0��y2n�mV�:!��;�u�@��@��Am/�1��@ڀ�%@� �� When the ecological conditions are not favourable, the insects hide and huddle together under dried leaves of bushes, trees etc., or in shaded areas. Melon fly is also able to infest flowers, fleshy leaves and stems of some cucurbits, so for the following genera and species, those plant parts are also regulated: Benincasa hispida, The chemicals used for melon fly control have been used as 1) toxicants in baits applied to refugia of the fruit flies and 2) sprays applied to the crop. Distribution: The melon fl y is native to Asia, but has spread to other parts of the world including Africa and the Pacifi c Islands. hosts of melon ﬂy in Hawaii. Q��s�c�ܮK�x_�=;;sJi�ݘ1��1v�D7kƏ�?��1��;�B��4a�1��'��0�p�zǹBF�3�l�X�g�o��T�䏨��L��О��$�Y>�ˬ�>��eu��(6X�r@�\$ޅ��8]L�y�U!ʷ��1݀M��+#6�}�2ޖ��R��*�2ǈ�R��PS��wհ��&P�'_E��FD�t�bL{�� Hq�Q�d��BjL��$~H��nqo��Z(ȾP7( lX��[:��ë W��Dk��]6!f�s`Ѫ��a�)��g�hf��ǌv*W,z1�ǌ�K�=��Zbx�2;�� [�g�\.�[7 Journal of Economic Entomology, 61(1), 339-340 pp. Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, Host List The berries, fruit, nuts and vegetables of the listed plant species are now considered host articles for C. capitata. h�bbd``b`�$k@D�`��@D(�k"�A�{!"��ĭUL�L�@#E��?? A female melon fly usually lays eggs under the skin of host fruit; however, in its favored hosts in the family Cucurbitaceae, eggs may also be laid into flowers, stems, and exposed roots. that melon fly had a defined behavior – Males & females “roost” on certain species of plants nearby or far away from crop hosts – We can take advantage of this by creating a system of trap plantings nearby crops • McQuate showed that Sudex and Castor oil plant were good “roosting” hosts endstream endobj 741 0 obj <>/Metadata 20 0 R/Pages 738 0 R/StructTreeRoot 33 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 742 0 obj <>/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 738 0 R/Resources<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI]>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 743 0 obj <>stream The most commonly attacked crops are cantaloupe, cucumber, watermelon, melons, squash, and gourds. Besides the fruit, it also attacks flowers, stems and roots. This insect pest is considered the most destructive pest of the melons and crops related to it because it causes serious damages. Chipku-Pheromone Eco trap with Melon Fly Bactocera Cucurbitae Lure: Melon flies have more than 80 hosts. certain wild hosts ofthe melon fly, Dacus cucurbitae Coquillett, in Hawaii is discussed, and names currently accepted as correct are provided. They have since become a major agricultural pest particularly of cantaloupes, cucumbers, and watermelons. Its hosts were initially estimated at 81 species [23] but their The melon fruit fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett), is a perennial pest of cultivated and feral bitter melon, Momordica charantia L., and a wide variety of other cucurbitaceous crops (Harris and Lee, 1989).In the absence of vegetables, B. cucurbitae occasionally infests less preferred fruit hosts such as papaya, Carica papaya L. (Liquido, 1991). Greenlife Crop Protection Africa. 0 This insect pest is considered the most destructive pest of the melons and crops related to it because it causes serious damages. #�9q�1��'��O,��4�2�+�. More than 125 species of plants, including cucurbits, tomatoes, and many other vegetables, have been recorded as hosts of the melon fly. h�ܖmO�0ǿ�I{;��)��2�M^ �I�Y�Hm��o?�c�I)Mh�M�{�}��j-#��HX#Akp#��`$�`�j;��(�(0��S��f8�D��H+�3�$p!p���S2�$W�z�,��甜�V�n��J�,6u&fd�{q�ͫ'��{�-�*PqD�� g�L�ɢ��i�W�I��p"�q�fM)FJ.�d��\&�uJ�>��T��=0�u�\k�ӧ�%��'l�� 㛫��`��#��"��F/��k��:sC�Na��"��ܸ��f��rx�n�UT�{:p�J�O��W��9�Ҙ"�^hGڠ|O��)6T�,FEq$d��jGP@��ڍt��-�"��lI�E�,J��P�j?�"��jZ#>�L۱/"5��D��lU�CF�w��(��s�A� Earlier host listings for B. cucurbitae had included other Moraceae species, such as Ficus carica L.45,46 and F. chartacea,43,44 but we are unaware that the two Ficus species reported here as melon fly hosts have previously been listed as B. cucurbitae hosts outside of the Okinawa publications related to the melon fly eradication program. To complete one cycle, it takes 14-27 days under warm environmental conditions. 740 0 obj <> endobj Melon flies were first introduced to the United States via Hawaii in 1895. Many California crops would be threatened by the introduction of this pest including peaches, oranges, beans, tomatoes, and most plants in the cucumber family. Mango Fruit-Piercing Moth (Eudocima phalonia), WordPress Download Manager - Best Download Management Plugin, Use of a protective covering to wrap the fruit while it develops. Melon flies have a wide range of hosts in the Cucurbitaceae family. Grant T. Mcquate , … Larvae go through three instars feeding for about 4-7 days. Within 2-4 days, they hatch into larvae, usually maggots, which are very active. Melon fly (Bactocera cucurbitae) is a fruit fly belonging to the family Tephritidae. V��3 �H�Jx* �_�Q�뭆��̃{��}=?��V��}Akd�7�{��3v� �Bˁ�{�;�8��I�w"��0��?C�>L_�� _n� �? Abstract. The , medflv is now thriving in the upper elevations and in lower elevation coffee fields . The incidence and host range of the melon fruit fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae, was studied in the Morogoro Region of Central Tanzania between October 2004 and October 2006.Occurrence was limited to low to medium altitude locations. Scientific Name Common Name 1. Therefore, the extended lifespan and reproductive period of the melon fly along with its ability to avoid the cost of egg production when hosts are unavailable suggests it is better adapted to periods of host deprivation than the medfly. Bactrocera cucurbitae, Melon Fly Host List, 2016 The berries, fruits, nuts or vegetables of the listed plant species are now considered host articles for melon fly. S. Nakagawa, G. J. Farias, T. Urago; Newly Recognized Hosts of the Oriental Fruit Fly, Melon Fly, and Mediterranean Fruit Fly1, Journal of Economic Entomology, Young attacked fruits become distorted and eventually fall off while the mature fruits develop a water soaked appearance. The melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is a widespread, economically important tephritid fruit fly species. [20–24]. The correct name for both wild and cultivated formsofbittermelon is Momordicaehanmtia1.. Mostpreviousreferencesto Sicyossp. �p�T��l��z�'�p�� These eggs hatch into larvae, or maggots, which tunnel through the flesh of the fruit or other plant part. endstream endobj 744 0 obj <>stream Melon Fly Bactrocera cucurbitae be extruded. However, the use of chemicals (insecticides) has proved to be the most effective method. Frequently traps are … Hosts (Back to Top) More than 125 species of plants, including cucurbits, tomatoes, and many other vegetables, have been recorded as hosts of the melon fly. doi: 10.1093/jee/61.1.339 NAPPO, 2010. A leading agrochemicals, seeds and farm equipment’s company in Africa. The following insecticides are effective in eradicating melon flies; Always mix the insecticide with INTEGRA 3ml/20l. As Lhis charac Let us know if you liked the post. The maggots (larvae) are creamy-white, legless and attain a length of 10 mm. The adults may be found among the foliage of any dense plant, sometimes away from the host crop. Although bait spray applications for suppression … 1 January 2020 Melon Fly, Bactrocera Cucurbitae (Diptera: Tephritidae), Infestation in Host Fruits in the Southwestern Islands of Japan before the Initiation of Island-wide Population Suppression, as Recorded in Publications of Japanese Public Institutions. Melon fly larva have been recorded in over 100 different hosts worldwide. Hosts: Breeding hosts include major cucurbit crops such as cucumber, melons, squash, pumpkin and many types of gourds. It seems that its preferred host is the weedy bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) (Harris and Lee, 1989). Introduction The pupal stage takes 7-13 days depending on the environmental conditions. In Asia, it is recorded from Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Cambodia, China, Hong Kong, India, © 2021. As they become mature, they drop off the plant and burrow into the soil in order to pupate. Infested flowers, stems or roots also become distorted and wilt in severe cases. These maggots tunnel through the flesh of the fruit or any other plant part, where the eggs were laid. Proteinaceous liquid attractants in insecticide sprays is a recommended method of controlling adult melon fly populations in the vicinity of crops. 767 0 obj <>stream ޖ�� Hosts Melon fly is mainly a pest of cucurbits such … The use of toxic protein bait sprays to suppress melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae), populations typically involves application to vegetation bordering agricultural host areas where the adults seek shelter ("roost"). Of response compared to each stimulus offered alone s the only way we improve... The weedy bitter melon ( Momordica charantia L. ) ( Harris and Lee, )! Plant families ), and hybrids of the plant and burrow into the soil sprays is fruit..., 1992 ) fruit fly species through three instars feeding for about 4-7 days pest! These eggs hatch into larvae, usually maggots, which are very active soil in order to.... Any other plant part areas where cucurbitaceous crops are cantaloupe, cowpea, cucumber, gourd,,! 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The world, in temperate, tropical and subtropical regions to elicit high levels of response compared to stimulus... Eventually fall off while the mature fruits develop a water soaked appearance, 61 ( 1,. Free number 0800720021 or 0800730030 hosts of C. capitata our results in relation to the implementation! Is distributed all over the world, in temperate, tropical and subtropical regions stage! Lee, 1989 ): cantaloupe, cucumber, gourd, pumpkin,,... A combination of b oth visual and olfactory stimuli was needed to elicit high levels of response compared each! 0800720021 or 0800730030 the maggots ( larvae ) are creamy-white, legless and attain a length of 10....